There are four main parts to every ice maker: the compressor, the condenser, the expansion valve, and the evaporator.
Running through each of these components is the magic ingredient—refrigerant. This chemical cools everything down enough to transform from liquid to ice.
The compressor is the pump that pressurizes the refrigerant. It'll keep the refrigerant moving through the system throughout the ice-making process.
In the first stage, the compressor heats up the refrigerant. This sounds counterproductive, but it's a crucial step in the process. This actually vaporizes the refrigerant so it can pass through the condenser (a narrow tube) into the evaporator through the expansion valve, which allows excess heat to escape.
Once in the evaporator, the refrigerant depressurizes, helping it to cool down rapidly and expand. From there, it converts back into a liquid in the condenser. This cycle occurs again and again to convert water into ice.